Figure 3: Set up the file system for Direct Access support. Intel held its Memory and Storage day today at its Santa Clara headquarters to announce its Optane DC Persistent Memory DIMMs. 0 x16 and 4 PCIe 3. With the recent released Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory, for the first time, this paper provides a comprehensive evaluation of recent persistent index structures. Ordering & Compliance. ”. 硬件加密 AES 256 bit; 订购与合规. Product Collection. Optane DC Persistent Memory -- Optane DIMMs loaded into memory slots with higher capacities but less speed -- are supposed to. Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory 100 Series (256GB Module) - Ordering and trade compliance information inclusive of change notifications, material declarations, ordering codes and trade compliance information. It offers three main benefits: Significantly lower latency than fetching data from system storage. This is the case with some. This is different from existing Optane DC benchmark studies, which focus on benchmarking either low-level memory accesses or high-level holistic system performance. Brand. Prerequisites. (Intel® IPU) Intel® Platform Firmware Resilience (Intel® PFR) Intel® Total Memory Encryption (Intel® TME) Apply Reset. Capacity. Valuable data traditionally trapped in slower NAND storage can be quickly. 1. 2 Form Factor: 2242/2260/2280/22110 M. 0 NVMe x4 Internal Port(s) M. This allows for immediate re-use while saving administrative time and costs. Comparison of memory and storage: Intel® Optane™ DC persistent memory DIMMs and Intel® Optane™ DC SSDs Intel® Optane™ DC Persistent Memory Intel® Optane™ DC SSD with Intel® Memory Drive Technology Intel® Optane™ DC SSD Interface Memory Channel PCIe* Bus PCIe Bus Capacity Up to 512 GB per DIMM Up to 1. Figure 1: New Apache Spark* analysis stack including OAP and Intel® Optane™ DC Persistent Memory Modules. This training provides an overview of the new Intel® Optane™ DC Persistent Memory Technology and the application benefits. 2 PCIE 80MM 3. ECCN. 36 TB and 30. 0 3D XPoint for Dell 21WPR 021WPR HP Lenovo Desktop Laptop. Forward-looking: Intel Optane Persistent Memory is now available for pre-order for $842 for a 128GB stick and $2,461 for a 256GB stick. to 3 TiB of Intel Optane DC persistent memory which means an 8 socket system could access up to 24 TiB of system memory. Addition. Marketing Status. Affordable cost. We can quickly check the total capacity, health, and firmware versions of our persistent memory modules with the show dimm command. If you do want to order Intel Optane P4800X add-in cards from Intel, then the last day to do it is May 30, 2023. 28TB (15. Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) 2 million hours. Download and install both management tools. Supermicro SuperServer 1029U-TN10RT Specifications. 0 SPS 03 to leverage the unique characteristics of this technology – even though the. Resources. Platforms based on the 2nd Gen and 3rd Gen Intel® Xeon® Scalable processors may be populated with a combination of DRAM and Intel® Optane™ persistent memory. The Optane DC Persistent Memory modules are available in 128-GB, 256-GB, and 512-GB versions, he said. 50TB drives in a PCIe 3. Brand Name: Core i9 Document Number: 123456 Code Name: Alder Lakeis significantly better than its write bandwidth. Intel® Optane™ persistent memory redefines traditional architectures, offering a large and persistent memory tier at an affordable cost. Let us also explore some relevant business use cases of including Intel Optane as a persistent memory in the hardware landscape for an organization running. Sequential Endurance - 100% Write 1 PBW. In this paper, we study the performance of Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory (Optane DC PMEM) from the storage data structures' perspective. 00. Intel Optane persistent memory for HPE brings massive data sets closer to the CPU for faster time to insight. Besides enabling more memory and larger data volumes per server, Intel Optane DC persistent memory also supports high availability. eBay Product ID (ePID). Intel Optane DC P5800X 800 GB Solid State Drive - 2. Launched. Perhaps this could provide some insight into the Intel & Micron claim that 3D XPoint Memory’s endurance is 1,000 times that of standard NAND flash, shown in the graphic. Intel ® Optane TM DC persistent memory will also expand total memory capacity to greater than 3 terabytes per CPU socket enabling SAP HANA to better optimize workloads by maintaining larger amounts of data closer to the CPU. Figure 1: Intel Optane persistent memory and VMware vSAN storage tiering in a VMware vSphere server. The gap between high-performing volatile DRAM and lower-performing but affordable NAND inhibits data center transformations. VLDB Endow. Price. 2V) Intel Optane Persistent Memory 4ZC7A08734 B98A ThinkSystem 256GB TruDDR4 3200MHz (1. Date 2023-05-31. Intel’s App Direct Mode is the more interesting of the two Optane operating modes since it supports in. Optimizes workloads by moving and maintaining larger amounts of data closer to the CPU. VLDB Endow. 0 x8 M. expected price point of Optane DC memory means that machines with large quantities of Optane DC memory are feasible — our test machine has 3 TB of Optane DC memory across two sockets. Intel® Optane™ memory uses non-volatile Intel® Optane™ memory media with the Intel® Rapid Storage Technology driver to accelerate your PC's access to non-volatile data. 2V) Intel Optane Persistent Memory. 00 Use Conditions Automotive, Base Transceiver Station Performance Sequential Bandwidth - 100% Read (up to) 1 GB/s Application Note | Intel® Optane™ DC Persistent Memory - Content Delivery Networks Use Case 3 Benefits for Intel® Optane™ DC persistent memory include: Scale memory capacity at significantly lower costs than DRAM. This post is a continuation of a four part series in The SSD Guy blog to help explain Intel’s two recently-announced modes of accessing its Optane DIMM, formally known as the “Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory. Measurement Period. We investigate Optane as the main memory for managed (Java) workloads, focusing on performance scalability. 2. Intel Optane DC persistent memory is big, affordable, and persistent which makes extracting more value from largerWhat Is Intel® Optane™ Memory? From system startup to application launching, Intel® Optane™ memory is smart technology that personalizes and accelerates your computing experience on Intel® Core™-based PCs. Controller. We provide a brief overview of. Intel's innovation in cloud computing, data center, Internet of Things, and PC solutions is powering the smart and connected digital world we live in. The new DIMMs slot into the DRAM interface, just like a normal stick. Fixes an issue where Intel Management Engine Interface still appears in Device Manager even though Management Engine is disabled in F10 or WMI. In short, compared with DRAM – equal capacity memory, equal CPU, and so on – using Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory leads to a reduction in costs of 20 percent or more. Intel® Optane™ PMem can be used as main memory on select HP Z6 G4 and Z8 G4 workstations with Intel® Xeon® 8200, 6200, 5200 and select. Optane persistent memory modules sit on the system memory bus just like DRAM. 256GB Module. ディスク容量 128 GB. See details to purchase. Intel also has a line of Optane DC persistent memory modules (PMMs), which come closer to the original storage class memory vision. Cache management operations are handled by the Intel® Xeon® Scalable processor’s. ipmctl management tool. Applications can directly access NVDIMM-P in the same way they access traditional DRAM, which also saves the need for page swapping. Products formerly Apache Pass. Faster performance and. "There is an increasing need for data to be analyzed at the source, in the data center, and at the edge. In a 2019 Flash Memory Summit presentation, Jim Handy of Objective Analysis predicted revenues of 3D XPoint —the non-volatile memory technology that Intel branded as Optane—in excess of $3. Persistent Memory Module (PMem) DDR-T2. 基本仕様. 製品コレクション インテル® Optane™ パーシステント・メモリー 100 シリーズ. Form Factor Persistent Memory Module (PMem) Interface DDR-T2. My name is Eduardo Berrocal from Intel. (Y / n) (2) When replacing the motherboard, it is necessary to reconfigure the default settings of the motherboard. Yuuki_Ans, a well-known hardware collector with access to rare parts, is the first to obtain Intel's next-generation Optane DC Persistent Memory modules codenamed Crow Pass that use a DDR5. It offers large-capacity, persistent data storage with DRAM-like performance, making Optane memory ideal for. Intel does not verify all solutions, including but not limited to any file transfers that may appear in this community. Jim Handy says: March 26, 2020 at 3:00 pm. Managing data into and out of the 3D XPoint Memory. 0 x4 (in x8 slot) M. expected price point of Optane DC memory means that machines with large quantities of Optane DC memory are feasible — our test machine has 3 TB of Optane DC memory across two sockets. Max. 2020. Persistent memory (PMem) technologies, like Intel’s Optane DC persistent memory modules, promise to bridge the gap between NAND-based flash (SSD) and DRAM, and thus eliminate the I/O bottleneck. Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory 300 Series (128GB PMem Module) quick reference with specifications, features, and technologies. 5435" under the Detailed Description section. In Memory Mode, the installed Intel® Optane™ PMem modules act as main system memory, and the DRAM capacity becomes an extra level of cache. Code Name Products formerly Apache Pass. It increases data center resiliency and takes database restart times from hours down to minutes or seconds. to. It's the informal term for Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory Modules. The new Optane modules are a real game changer for server clients, said Jim Sangster, senior. Latency – faster access to data stored in memory, where you need it. Vulnerability Details:. 0) 4 Pack. A major challenge in the efforts stems from the fact that Optane Pmem is essentially a hybrid storage device with two distinct properties. . Optane™ SSD DC P4800X Series. 34mm. Devdax mode security is simplistic (based. Intel® Optane™ DC Persistent Memory Module, sometimes referred to as DCPMM, confronts DRAM limitations head on. Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory 200 Series. Intel is the only available supplier of processors that meet GPORTAL’s performance requirements. Intel launched the Optane DC Persistent Memory Module in the spring of 2019 as a way to bridge the gap between volatile DRAM and high-performance SSDs. Intel. 1. Intel® Optane™ PMem can be used as main memory on select HP Z6 G4 and Z8 G4 workstations with Intel® Xeon® 8200, 6200, 5200 and select 4200 series processors. Page of 6 View All. It combines a Optane DC PMM with a conventional DRAM DIMM that serves as a direct-mapped cache for the Optane DC PMM. 4 GT/s. Description: Incorrect default permissions in the Intel (R) Optane (TM) DC Persistent Memory for Windows software versions before 2. Measurement. Compatible Intel® Xeon® Scalable Processors with Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory 100 Series. Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory Examine Issues Related to Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory Subscribe More actions. Specifications; Ordering & Compliance; Compatible Products; Support. The information below provides available management tools for the Intel® Optane™ persistent memory. Nevertheless, and as we will show in this article, OAP has been optimized to fully take advantage of Intel® Optane™ DC Persistent Memory Modules. Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory Experience breakthrough performance at an affordable cost, with a large, new memory tier in data center architecture. 3D rendering and advanced simulation — including Intel® Optane™ DC Persistent Memory 17 for impressive price for. Data can now be stored locally and. To give you an example, if you have an Intel® Server Board S2600WF running BIOS Version Version: 02. This feature is currently available as part of OpenJDK binaries for JDK 11. ThisOptane Persistent Memory for Data Centers. Free Shipping. OAP is an open source solution that is easy to use and works on any hardware. Mountain View, January 10, 2019—Redis, the home of Redis and provider of Redis Enterprise, announced today that Redis Enterprise is now available for Intel® Optane™ DC persistent memory across multiple cloud services or as. Reliability. It offers three main benefits: Significantly lower latency than fetching data from system storage. Intel (Nasdaq: INTC) is an industry leader, creating world-changing technology that enables global progress and enriches lives. ThisExecutive Summary Intel ® Optane ™ DC Persistent Memory is a new memory technology enabling a dramatic increase in server memory capacity. In other words. Trade Compliance Information. That's a massive capacity increase compared to current DDR4 memory sticks and can. Memory. Package Specifications. For data that is not in DRAM cache, DCPMM could experience latencies that are 10x versus data directly from DRAM. 5TB of Optane DC Persistent Memory DIMMs on the Platinum and Gold models, higher. 13, 8 (April 2020), 1304--1318. Intel is calling this “Optane Media. 0 x8, 1 PCIe 3. The emergence of Intel's Optane DC persistent memory (Optane Pmem) draws much interest in building persistent key-value (KV) stores to take advantage of its high throughput and low latency. Discover Advanced Memory with Intel® Optane™ PMem. However, writing data to persistent memory and writing data to ordinary DRAM shares. 0 x4, NVMe. Config2-Intel® Optane™ persistent memory (Similar Cost) Test By. This step of the tutorial is for continuing the provisioning process of creating PMem disks (equivalent to namespaces in Linux) for App Direct Mode and mixed-mode. com site in several ways. L version allows Intel to achieve the original goal of the. This system is designed to complement DRAM rather than replace it entirely. Launch Date Q2'19. (Image credit: Intel) Intel's Optane DC Persistent Memory DIMMs come in three capacities of 128, 256, and 512GB. 0) 4 Pack. 5. Fast forward to 2021, and the latest 3rd Gen Intel® Xeon® Scalable processors are launching with support for Intel Optane persistent memory and Intel® Optane™ SSDs. With the close proximity of storage-class memory to the CPU, performance can increase since data does not have to make that round trip to storage for every transaction. With. While not as performant. 5 with Intel® Optane™ DC persistent memory increases scalability by up to 4X versus DRAM-only solutions, while improving reliability and providing the same levels of performance. Optane DC PMMs can be used as large memory devices with a DRAM cache to hide their lower. For an introduction to the available modes, see Intel® Optane™ DC Persistent Memory Operating Modes Explained. One of the many benefits offered by the innovative architecture of Intel Optane memory and storage media is that it can be deployed in a variety of form factors that can connect to either the memory channel or the storage bus tofor Intel Optane persistent memory, for a total of up to 36 TB system memory. 512 GB. 2 Form Factor: 2242/2260/2280/22110 M. Latency – faster access to data stored in memory, where you need it. Marketing Status. Intel® Stratix® 10 DX device variants come with up to 8GB of integrated High Bandwidth Memory 2 (HBM2) DRAM at 512GBps bandwidth or a 64 bit quad-core Arm* Cortex-A53 Hard Processor Subsystem and support for select Intel® Optane™ DC persistent memory. หน่วยความจำแบบคงอยู่ Intel® Optane™ ซีรีส์ 100 (โมดูล 128GB) คู่มืออ้างอิงฉบับย่อประกอบด้วยข้อมูลจำเพาะ คุณสมบัติ ราคา ความเข้ากันได้ เอกสารการออกแบบ รหัส. Persistent Memory Module (PMem) DDR-T. io, the Persistent Memory Programming web site. Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory 100 Series. 5TB, 1/2 Height PCIe x4, 3D XPoint™) 1. Warranty Period. Public. Recommended Customer Price. 0 x4]. 0 x4]. Intel also is shipping Optane DC persistent memory at 128 GB, 256 GB and 512 GB, larger than DRAM, which tops out at 128 GB. Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory 200 Series. to 3 TiB of Intel Optane DC persistent memory which means an 8 socket system could access up to 24 TiB of system memory. For example, a platform with 1. High capacities. 00. 0) 50 Pack. The Memory Guy, as a regular reader of The SSD Guy’s posts, found an interesting one that compares the endurance of Optane SSDs against that of NAND flash SSDs. Intel® Optane™ SSDs, on the other hand, are strictly used for fast storage residing in standard NAND package models (AIC, M. Actually Intel brands the caching solution as ‘Optane memory’ and the DIMM as ‘Optane DC Persistent Memory’. 製品コレクション インテル® Optane™ パーシステント・メモリー 100 シリーズ. The software side also needs some time to catch up to truly leverage the persistent memory. Weight 1. Because it is byte-addressable, it does not require a file system. Intel Optane memory offers non-volatility, byte addressability, and high capacity. (128GB パーシステント・メモリー・モジュール) 128 GB. About the Decision Guide. 7" x 17". From $1,461. Optane DC PMMs can be used as large memory devices with a DRAM cache to hide their lower bandwidth and higher latency. The source for PMDK is in this GitHub repository. Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory 300 Series. Each CPU can have up to 1. The company said that it would incur a $559 million inventory impairment/write-off as it exits the business. . In this video I give you an introduction to the new Intel® Optane™ DC Persistent memory. Figure 1 shows, coarsely, the difference between these two modes of access at the hardware level. Particularly, we study the. 39. 00. Intel Optane persistent memory. The use of Optane persistent memory is starting to pick up -- although not in all the places Intel originally thought it would. The full ipmctl API can be found on the man pages or by. Intel® Optane™ persistent memory redefines traditional architectures, offering a large and persistent memory tier at an affordable cost. HHHL (CEM3. Configuration tools are used to provision Intel Optane DC persistent memory modules to operate in either Memory Mode or App Direct Mode. Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory 100 Series (512GB Module) - Ordering and trade compliance information. Jim Handy, semiconductor analyst at Objective Analysis, has speculated that Optane's density will be a significant benefit, enabling Optane DIMMs to come in at half the price of comparably sized DRAM. Consolidate live linear and VoD nodes. This allows access to use cases that were previously unavailable with traditional storage. 72 TB capacities in either U. Optimize, store, and move larger, more complicated data sets with Intel® Optane™ technology. When we compared NVMe drives to Intel® Optane™ DC. Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory 100 Series (256GB Module) - Download supporting resources inclusive drivers, software, bios, and firmware updates. Proc. 0 x16, 2 PCIe 3. 3515 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access. Intel Optane persistent memory for HPE affordably expands memory capacity and adds low-latency access to persistent data, combining the best of memory and storage traits into one transformative product, while lowering overall TCO. Description. The primary benefit of having a file system is that it provides secure, multi-tenancy access to persistent memory. Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory (PMem) is based on the Intel® Optane™ Memory technology and provides the ability to keep more data, closer to the CPU for faster processing (that is, “warmer”). Specifically, Intel selected the Intel Xeon Gold 5218. Intel Optane Persistent Memory 100 Series 256GB Module Product Specifications Intel® Compute Module HNS2600BPS24R Q2'19 Custom 6. Adds support for Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory. 5 TB. CVSS Base Score: 6. This article outlines some of the most common ipmctl debugging and configuration commands used for learning more about your Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory Modules. Up to 6TB 3DS ECC RDIMM, DDR4-2933MHz; Up to 6TB 3DS ECC LRDIMM, DDR4-2933MHz. Navigate to Service Profile > Policies > Persistent Memory Policy and attach the. But look at its endurance advantage: 41 petabytes written (PBW) versus 17. This means it is byte-addressable, and data will not be lost if the power is cut. 発売日 Q2'19. Intel Optane DC P5800X Series 400GB, 2. Up to 52 cores with 2x Intel® Xeon® Scalable CPUs 1. 11. หน่วยความจำแบบคงอยู่ Intel® Optane™ ซีรีส์ 300 (โมดูล PMem 128GB) 128 GB. In this paper, we provide. The modules use data at rest protection using a 256bit AES-XTP encryption engine. Intel NMA1XBD512GQS. higher density, and lower price per gigabyte than DRAM. As I know is right, the only way that accessing DCPM in user space is using PMDK library, such as libpmem. Enables new levels of performance and in-memory analytics capabilities. Optane DC PMMs can be used as large memory devices with a DRAM cache to hide their lower bandwidth and higher latency. Optane memory works differently. We went from 30~50 MB/s in Q1T1 random reads in SATA drives to 70~100 MB/s Q1T1 random reads in the best NVMe SSDs available today. Operating Temperature (Maximum) 85 °C. Initial limited. For example, a platform with 1. DIMM slots on consumer systems are already at a real premium. Memory mode essentially uses persistent memory as slower RAM, which doesn't usually meet the. Google Scholar Digital Library; Shashank Gugnani, Arjun Kashyap, and Xiaoyi Lu. $5999. Go to Advanced Search. This is a quick weekend piece that we wanted to use to now discuss the three generations of Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory, later renamed PMem 100, PMem 200, and PMem 300. The computing giant said enhanced. Intel Optane PMem 200 Blue And PMem 100 Black Modules. On the right box, click the selected value drop-down menu on the right and choose YES. 使用条件 Automotive,. (256GB Module) 256 GB. Intel® Rapid Start Technology allows quick system resumes from the hibernate state. Intel Optane DC persistent memory. In this training, Dave Shade and Jason Frese provide a technical discussion on applying Intel® Optane™ DC Persistent Memory in-memory mode to Caching Key/Value stores: open source Redis* and Memcached*. 5 TB of DDR4 memory and up to 3 TB of App Direct memory/storage. This product has been discontinued. Intel® Server Board S2600WF0R. 205 W. Intel® Optane™ PMem can be used as main memory on select HP Z6 G4 and Z8 G4 workstations with Intel® Xeon® 8200, 6200, 5200 and select. For Intel® Optane™ persistent memory (Intel® Optane™ PMem) see troubleshooting steps taken according to symptoms. Document Library. [1] Intel® 3rd gen Xeon® Scalable processors with Intel® Optane™ persistent memory 200 series delivers up to 6TB total memory per socket and on average 32% higher memory bandwidth than the previous generation. 2020), 626--639. Using Lenovo ThinkSystem servers running applications that are tuned. Overview. About this product. 5” SAS/SATA (HDD/SSD) max 61. Now we have a way to extend the RAM with something that runs at approximately the same performance, but much more cheaper to use. Memory Bandwidth. Intel. Intel® Optane™ DC persistent memory SSD Warm data layer HDD Cold data layer Fig. For applications (like databases) that are based on a BLOCK construct, the 8. From $1,461. 订购与规格信息. 製品コレクション インテル® Optane™ パーシステント・メモリー 100 シリーズ. And the efficiency of these algorithms really depends on these new technology or new type of. Contact the respective operating system vendor to confirm the. This is a quick weekend piece that we wanted to use to now discuss the three generations of Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory, later renamed PMem 100,. This is the list of the compatible operating systems with the Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory 100 Series and its operating modes. Today we have something of a sneak peek. 発売日 Q2'19. The real problem with the Optane memory DIMMs is they use precious DIMM slots. 5 TB of Optane DC Persistent Memory per physical processor (9 TB for two-socket systems, 18 TB for four-socket systems), making ample capacity available at a better. Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory 200 Series (128GB PMEM Module) 50. Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory 128GB Module (1. 2 Interface: 2 PCIe 4. Max ambient Temperature is 30C; Max HDD is 2. The PMMs plug into standard dual in-line memory module slots, with capacities ranging from 128 GB to 512 GB per module. Intel® Server Board S2600WFT Intel® Server Board S2600WFQ Intel® Server Board S2600WF0 Intel® Server System R2208WF0ZSR Intel® Server System R2308WFTZS. Download Specifications. However, the expected price point of Optane DC memory means that machines with large quantities of Optane DC memory are feasible — our test machine has 3 TB of Optane DC memory across two sockets. PMem comes in much higher capacities than traditional DRAM. Supported CPU Series. Only Intel combines the Intel® Xeon® Scalable processor platform. Persistent Memory Module (PMem) DDR-T2. All the while, SSDs are getting. Performance varies by. Product and Performance Information. (128GB PMem Module) 128 GB. 5A992CN3. intel optane memory nvme ssd. 6 PCIe 4. This requires low latency, high throughput computing solutions to be close to the data. $1099. • Support for larger in-memory databases without prohibitive price tags • Improve business resilience for systems with critical data • Consolidate server footprint, reduce softwareIntel Optane Memory H20 with SSD Solid State Storage 32 GB + 512 GB HBRPEKNL0202A M. Recommended Customer Price. 5TB of Optane DC Persistent Memory DIMMs on the Platinum and Gold models, higher. This IDC white paper reviews the power and promise of in-memory database systems and their applications and considers the limitations imposed up to this point on those systems, including memory size per CPU, operational complexity due to the nature of volatile memory, and limitations to database. This is the long-awaited marriage of 3D XPoint memory and the DDR4 memory bus. The E1. Intel® Optane™. High capacities. Intel Optane DIMM Pricing: $695 for 128GB, $2595 for. Lithography Type 1. Intel® Optane™ Persistent Memory 200 Series (256GB PMEM) Module quick reference with specifications, features, and technologies. This new nonvolatile DIMM supports byte-granularity accesses with access times on the order of DRAM, while also providing data storage that survives power outages. com Search. 128 GB. 2 PCIe 3. null 1. Persistent Memory Module.